A Comprehensive Analysis of the Status Quo and Problems of China's Smart City Construction
According to the World Bank, the construction of a smart city with a population of more than one million, when it exceeds 75% of the actual application level, the city's GDP will increase by 2.5 times under the same conditions of investment. This means that smart cities can quadruple economic growth and it is entirely possible to achieve the “fourfold leap forward†of urban sustainable development goals. It can be seen that a smart city will be an important force supporting the future world economic development. However, some cities blindly pursue the construction of smart cities, and expose many problems. The key to how to solve them is to do top-level design.
I. Current situation and problems of the construction of smart cities in China
China is also highly intelligent city construction. In the “National New Urbanization Plan 2014-2020â€, a chapter is devoted to planning smart cities, marking the rise of smart city forms into national-level strategic planning and becoming the only way for new urbanization. The major national ministries and commissions also took the initiative to launch various types of pilot projects such as smart cities, information consumption, information-friendly people, and broadband China. After analysis, the following sets of data are obtained:
The number of pilot cities nationwide has reached 409. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Smart City pilots 202 batches of 202, the Ministry of Science and Technology smart city pilot 20; the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology information consumption pilot 68; the Development and Reform Commission information Huimin pilot 80; the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and Development Committee "Broadband China" demonstration city 39.
In addition to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, there are pilot projects in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country, with a total of 286 pilot cities. All municipalities and provincial capitals have pilots, and 78 of them have been identified as pilots in two or more fields. The largest number of pilot cities is in Jiangsu Province, with 26 in total, followed by Shandong Province, with 22; the least pilot cities are Hainan Province, Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province, each with two.
Thirteen cities were simultaneously identified as pilots in four areas. There are 2 sub-provincial cities, namely Dalian City and Shenzhen City; 6 provincial capital cities, namely Shijiazhuang, Harbin, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Chengdu, Yinchuan; 5 prefecture-level cities, namely Daqing, Wuhu, Weihai and Fuyang. Karamay. Twenty cities including Beijing were identified as pilots in three areas, and 44 cities including Shanghai were identified as pilots in two areas.
The number of pilot cities at the prefecture-level level is the largest, accounting for more than 50%. Among the 286 pilot cities, 4 are municipalities directly under the central government, accounting for 1.4%; 8 are provincial-level cities, accounting for 2.8%; 149 are at the prefecture-level level (including 26 provincial capitals), accounting for 52.1%, and 94 at the county level, accounting for 32.9. %; 8 township level, accounting for 2.8%; 23 development zones, accounting for 8%.
All these have fully demonstrated that in the current China, from the central to the local, from the government to the enterprise, smart cities have gradually become the trend of urban development, the potential is enormous, and the prospects are bright.
Under the appearance of the fiery construction of smart cities, some problems have already begun to emerge. The state is also aware of this point. The eight ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Smart Cities." In the first paragraph of the eight ministries' guiding opinions, the four major issues of the current smart city were clearly pointed out. In the first place, there is a lack of top-level design and overall planning (the other three problems are: the lag of institutional mechanism innovation, the hidden dangers and risks of cybersecurity, and the unclear and blind construction of some places). To sum up briefly, the main problem is “three. no".
(1) No coordination
The main performance is the phenomenon of “disorderlyâ€. After proposing to build a smart city, some cities immediately started to blindly launch a batch of projects in accordance with the new round of informatization. When they did not fully consider the related systems and supporting measures, some urban commissions were in charge of each other and resources were difficult to share. Forming a large number of isolated islands of information, the phenomenon of repeated construction is serious, resulting in huge waste of manpower, financial resources and material resources; some urban smart city construction is led by a government commission, there is no way and no ability to coordinate, can not achieve cross-sector, Cross-industry, cross-regional government information sharing and business collaboration.
(2) Inanimate
The main performance is the phenomenon of “bottomless pitâ€. The long-term and systematic understanding of smart city construction is obviously insufficient. Simply regard smart city as a technical problem, and load the current advanced information technology into the city. It lacks a long-term mechanism of operation and management. Relying on government investment can not stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of social forces to participate in the construction of smart cities. The effect of industrial driving is not obvious, and it is impossible to self-sponsor blood. As a result, financial pressures are increased, and capital investment is “bottomlessâ€, and long-term benefits are even more Talking about it will eventually lead to the construction of smart cities being unsustainable and unsustainable.
(3) No difference
The main performance is the phenomenon of “one thousand citiesâ€. Some cities have unclear positioning, regardless of their geographical location, historical culture, industrial structure, economic status, demographic factors and urban characteristics. They directly apply smart city solutions from some international or domestic well-known enterprises, and purchase equipment and construction. The computer room, the Jianyun Center, the broadband network, the industrial park, and the development of real estate, the scene is warm, the content is wonderful, and the city is one side, but it does not match the real needs of the city and the public, and becomes a formalism and facade project. During the investigation, we heard that the leaders of a prefecture-level city government in the central and western regions have pointed out profoundly that in some places, there is a serious disconnect between smart construction and urban demand. The day of construction is the time of abandonment!
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