1.1PSoC microcontroller
1.1.1 Microcontroller
Now, in order to explain what "PSoC" is, let us first understand clearly what a microcontroller (microcontroller) is in general. The familiar example is equivalent to the heart of the computer - the CPU, which is also a microcontroller. The role of a microcontroller in a computer is simply to calculate the operation of various applications, the connection of the Internet, the management of a USB communication device, or the creation and display of graphics on the screen. In fact, the performance of the computer CPU in the microcontroller is also very high, so you can perform a variety of operations. However, for low-performance single-chip microcomputers, such as controlling the temperature of the rice cooker and issuing alarms, it can be realized by a single-chip microcomputer. The rice cooker does not require advanced graphics and communication functions, so there is no need to use a high-performance microcontroller. In fact, the microcontroller used in a computer has a high price and high power consumption corresponding to its high performance, so it is not used in products such as household appliances. The microcontroller used in the home appliance has only the basic functions required. Initially, the CPU of a computer was called a microcontroller, and the microcontrollers mentioned in this book are now used to control home appliances.
1.1.2 Microcontroller operation
How do microcontrollers (hereafter referred to as microcontrollers) perform various controls? For example, electric kettles, how to control how to keep the water temperature at a constant temperature? First of all, there must be a heater that can raise the temperature of the water, but only by turning on the heater switch can not keep the water temperature constant, and the water temperature will rise rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the water. When the temperature exceeds a certain temperature, the switch is automatically turned off and the heating is stopped. Conversely, if the temperature naturally drops, the switch is also turned on and heating is continued. Therefore, in the single-chip microcomputer, A/D conversion, such as voltage output, is used to quantify the temperature of the sensor output. According to this numerical data, the program written in the single-chip microcomputer is used to judge the heater switch (ON\OFF). . In this way, basically, the MCU can use the input from the external sensor to judge its state through an internal program, and operate in the form of feedback.
1.1.3PSoC
A little understanding of the microcontroller, then what is PSoC? The official name of PSoC is ProgrammableSystem-on-Chip. This translates into a programmable system-on-a-chip (SoC). What is important here is the part of SoC, which is the aforementioned MCU with AD conversion, communication, filter and other functions. What exactly does "programmable" mean? The initial built-in functions of ordinary MCUs cannot be changed, but they are possible in PSoC. For example, if you want to use 3 UART communication (a kind of communication) for a slightly special purpose, it is difficult to find a match in a general MCU, but for PSoC, it can be very simple by setting the configuration. The realization of it. When two 16-bit timers or four 8-bit timers are required, the 16-bit timer can be configured to have a range of 1 × 16 bits or 2 × 8 bits as long as it is set and configured in the PSoC. This makes it easy for designers to configure flexibly, which is a feature of PSoC.
1.1.4 Development of PSoC
In a brief explanation, why pay attention to the design flexibility of PSoC.
In general, a microcontroller is a thick booklet with hundreds of pages of content like a dictionary, which must be carefully searched. Not only that, but it takes some effort to find something that matches the goal. Perhaps what we have been searching for is actually something that does not exist at all. Even if it is found, it may not be the most suitable. The person who originally proposed PSoC was thinking about why it couldn't correspond to it in multiple models. Then there is the present form.
In other words, with fewer models for all requirements, this is PSoC.
After the emergence of PSoC3 and PSoC5, the type of PSoC increased significantly compared with the original. However, if there are relatively few varieties compared with other companies (microcontrollers), more applications need to be covered.
Because of this, PSoC is designed to work with a wide variety of custom models.
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