China's high-speed rail development started later than in some developed countries. Before the introduction of high-speed rail systems, most were based on German or Japanese standards. However, China's self-developed EMU train, the "Fuxing," incorporated a significant number of technical standards, including national and China Railway Corporation (CRC) corporate standards. Out of the 254 key standards for the EMU, 84% are Chinese, making it a true example of "Made in China." Today, many technologies used in the Fuxing have taken the global stage by storm.
In just 10 years, China managed to overcome challenges that took other countries at least twice as long. This rapid progress is a testament to the country’s determination and innovation. The core component of the high-speed train, the "gearbox," is manufactured in a factory in Changzhou, Jiangsu. Fan Shuai, a worker from the Gear Division, enters the workshop every day with strict procedures—first, he must clean his shoes to meet the dustfall requirements, ensuring a controlled environment.
The workers call this special workshop a "smart assembly line," which is part of the gearbox assembly process. At this critical stage, temperature and humidity are strictly monitored. Even a small increase in humidity due to rain can affect the reliability of the components. That's why the entire process is tightly controlled through data tracking.
Each step in the smart assembly line is guided by computer settings. The wrenches used by workers are calibrated to apply precise torque, ensuring that each bolt reaches first-class precision. When the green light comes on, the worker knows it's time to proceed. If any step deviates from the instructions, the system immediately records an alarm, ensuring quality control throughout the process.
The gearbox is a vital component that powers the Fuxing EMUs, offering a service life of 24 years or 24 million kilometers—equivalent to circling the Earth 600 times. The materials, sealing, and aging resistance of its parts are all subject to rigorous testing. Some foreign experts once believed that such technology would take decades to develop. What they didn't expect was that China achieved this breakthrough in just 10 years. The technology is now widely used in the Fuxing and holds 80% of the domestic market share. Soon, the last remaining "current stream" in China's high-speed railway system will be replaced.
For generations, Chinese engineers and workers have poured their hearts into the development of high-speed rail. In the intelligent assembly workshop, a press is used to precisely fit bearings into the center of gears using a traditional method. Experimental results show that this technique ensures a more reliable and durable connection between the gear and bearing.
This manual approach often leads to the scrapping of small parts. During the early stages of independent research and development, millions of expensive alloy components were lost due to experimental failures, creating immense psychological pressure on the team. Despite these challenges, the dedication and perseverance of the people behind the scenes have led to one of China’s greatest technological achievements. Their efforts continue to shape the future of high-speed rail, both nationally and globally.
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