General guidelines for the installation and use of low-voltage electrical equipment are as follows:
Low-voltage electrical devices should be mounted in a vertical position, especially for oil-immersed starters. To avoid oil leakage, the casing should not be tilted more than 5 degrees. It should be securely fastened to its support using bolts, not welded. The installation location should be convenient for operation, with the control handle kept at a safe distance from surrounding structures to prevent accidental damage.
These devices should be installed at an appropriate height above the ground in areas free from severe vibration. For components like knife switches and load break switches, power lines must be connected to the fixed contacts, not the moving ones. Never connect the power cord directly to the knife switch, as this can cause serious safety issues.
The metal casing or frame of the low-voltage equipment must be properly grounded or connected to the neutral. Any exposed parts should be protected with a suitable cover. For double-pole switches, there should be a mechanism in place to prevent automatic re-closure after being turned off.
In workshops where flammable gases or dust are present, electrical equipment should be sealed and installed outdoors with proper rain protection. In explosive environments, only explosion-proof electrical appliances should be used to minimize the risk of ignition.
When operating, ensure that all contact surfaces are clean, smooth, and make good electrical contact. Contacts should have sufficient pressure to maintain a stable connection. The movement of each phase should be synchronized, and the arc suppression device must remain intact and functional.
Before use, remove any protective oil coating on contact surfaces. Perform several test operations to verify proper function. In low-voltage equipment, the static contact should be connected to the power supply, while the moving contact is connected to the load side.
Single-pole switches must always be connected to the live (phase) wire, not the neutral. Electrical devices installed on the floor should be at least 100 mm above the ground level. On the surface of the installation, clearly mark the name of the equipment and the corresponding circuit number or line identifier for easy identification and maintenance.
Following these guidelines ensures the safe and efficient operation of low-voltage electrical systems, reduces the risk of accidents, and extends the lifespan of the equipment. Always consult local electrical codes and standards before installation, and ensure that all personnel involved are properly trained and equipped.
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