The general principles for the installation and use of low-voltage electrical appliances are as follows:
Low-voltage electrical equipment should be installed in a vertical position, especially for oil-immersed starters. To avoid oil leakage, the unit must not be tilted more than 5 degrees. It should be securely fastened to a support structure using bolts rather than welding. The installation location should allow easy access and operation, with the control handle kept at a safe distance from surrounding structures to prevent accidental damage.
When installing low-voltage devices, they should be placed at an appropriate height above the ground, particularly in areas free from strong vibrations. For devices like knife switches and load break switches, power lines must be connected to fixed contacts. Never connect the power cable directly to the switch itself.
All metal casings or frames of low-voltage appliances must be properly grounded or connected to neutral. Exposed parts of the equipment should be protected with covers. For double-pole switches, there should be a mechanism in place to prevent unintended self-closing during operation.
In workshops where flammable gases or dust are present, electrical equipment should be sealed and installed outdoors, with proper rain protection. In areas with explosion risks, only certified explosion-proof electrical devices should be used to ensure safety.
When operating low-voltage appliances, it's important to keep the contact surfaces clean, smooth, and well-connected. Contacts must have sufficient pressure to ensure reliable performance. The movement of each phase should be synchronized, and the arc suppression device should remain intact and functional.
Before use, any protective oil on the contact surfaces should be removed. It is also recommended to test the device by operating it several times to ensure smooth and correct function. In most cases, the static contact should be connected to the power source, while the moving contact should be linked to the load side.
Single-pole switches must always be connected to the live (phase) wire. For low-voltage devices mounted on the floor, the base should be at least 100 mm above the ground level. Additionally, all low-voltage installations should clearly label the equipment name and circuit number or route number on the surface for easy identification and maintenance.
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