Electronic Science: Summary of LED Lighting Basics

I have been engaged in the LED industry for so many years, how much industry knowledge do you know? Do you know the manufacturers that produce LED chips? What is color temperature and brightness? What are the basic performances that need to be focused on when choosing an LED source? What are the floodlights and floodlights? What should I pay attention to when installing outdoors? Are you clear about this? It doesn't matter, the following small series will give a detailed introduction to these LED basics, and see and learn.

1. Taiwan LED chip maker

Epistar (Epistar) referred to as: ES, (Lianquan, Yuankun, Lianyong, Guolian), Guangga Optoelectronics (Huga), New Century (Genesis Photonics), Arachi Optoel ectronics: AOC, Taigu Photoelectric (Tekcore), Kellett, Fuxin, Guanghong, Jingfa, Shichuang, Zhoulei, Liansheng (HPO), Hanguang (HL), Guanglei (ED), Dingyuan (Tyntek) referred to: TK, 曜Fuzhou Technology TC, Formosa Epitaxy, Guotong, Lianding, New Optoelectronics (VPEC), etc.

Ledtech Electronics, Unity Opto Technology, Para Light Electronics, Everlight Electronics, Bright LED Electronics, Kingbright, Lingsen Precision Industries ), Ligitek lectronics, Lite-OnTechnology, HARVATEK, etc.

2.Continental LED chip manufacturers

Sanan Optoelectronics abbreviation (S), Shanghai Blu-ray (Epilight) abbreviation (E), Silan Mingxin (SL), Dalian Lumei abbreviation (LM), Diyuan Optoelectronics, Huacan Optoelectronics, Nanchang Xinlei, Shanghai Jinqiao Dachen , Hebei Lide, Hebei Huineng, Shenzhen Orende, Shenzhen Century Jingyuan, Guangzhou Puguang, Yangzhou Huaxia Integration, Gansu Xintiandian Company, Dongguan Fudi Electronic Materials, Qingxin Optoelectronics, Jingneng Optoelectronics, Medium-light Optoelectronics, Dry Photoelectric, Jingda Optoelectronics, Shenzhen Fangda, Shandong Huaguang, Shanghai Lanbao and so on.

Know the new and warm: the basic knowledge of LED lighting

3. Color temperature and brightness

Color temperature ( Co1or Temperature )

Unit: absolute temperature (Kelvin, K)

The color temperature is expressed by the absolute temperature K, which is a standard black body (such as platinum). When the temperature rises to a certain degree, the color begins to be red, orange, yellow, green, blue, sputum (blue-violet), purple, and gradually. Change, using this characteristic of light color change, when the light color of the light source is the same as the light color of the black body, we refer to the temperature of the black body at that time as the color temperature of the light source. When the color temperature is around 3000K, the light color is yellowish. When the color temperature is above 5000K, the light color is blue. Light of different color temperatures with different illumination and visual effects. Different color temperatures correspond to different colors of light as shown below. Different wavelengths give the human eye different color perceptions, from red, orange, yellow, green, blue, sputum (blue-violet), and purple. The sensitivity of the eye varies strongly with wavelength.

For example, under good lighting conditions, the eye is 20 times more sensitive to light at 550 nm (yellow) than red or blue. This is also an important reason why fog lights and road lights in most cars use yellow light. Color temperature is a measure of color temperature and is not a measure of the brightness of a lamp. The color temperature of the halogen lamp can be from 2300K to 7000K; the color temperature of the HID lamp is from 4200K to over 8000K; the higher the color temperature of the lamp, the worse the penetration of fog and rain (the less bright). Large manufacturers such as Philips have only produced xenon lamps with a color temperature of up to 6000K. The following are the performances of different color temperatures:

Light color temperature effect

3000K yellow light, strong penetrating power

4200K white with yellow, original car with xenon lamp

5000K light all white, the highest color temperature in Europe

6000K light all white, slightly blue

6500K daylight in the sun

7000-8000K white with obvious blue

8000K or more of blue light, the penetration is extremely poor. It is recommended that the color temperature of about 6000K is the color temperature of the whitest slightly starting to turn blue. The human eye is easy to accept, not easy to fatigue, improve safety, and the halogen lamp is poor.

4. Select the basic performance of the LED light source to pay attention to

With the rush of the market, as a consumer, the choice is still to be calm, scientific analysis, the selection of the best cost-effective light source and lighting, the following describes several basic features:

1, the brightness of the brightness is different, the price is different. For luminaires, it should meet the laser class I standard.

2, anti-static ability anti-static ability, long life, and therefore high price. Generally, antistatic is greater than 700V for lighting.

3. The wavelengths are the same, the colors are the same. If the colors are the same, the price is high. It is difficult for manufacturers without spectrophotometers to produce pure color products.

4. The leakage current is a unidirectional conductive illuminator. If there is a reverse current, it is called leakage, the leakage current is large, the life is short, and the price is low.

5. The illumination angle is different for different illumination angles. Special lighting angle, the price is higher. Such as full diffusing angle, the price is higher.

6. The key to different quality of life is life, and life is determined by light decay. Low light decay, long life, long life and high price.

7. The illuminator of the wafer is a wafer, and the price of the wafer varies greatly. The chips in Japan and the United States are more expensive, and the prices of wafers in Taiwan and China are generally lower than those in Japan and the United States.

8. Wafer Size The size of the wafer is indicated by the side length. The quality of the large wafer is better than that of the small wafer. The price is proportional to the size of the wafer.

9, colloidal ordinary colloid is generally epoxy resin, plus the price of anti-ultraviolet and fire retardant is more expensive, high-quality outdoor lighting should be resistant to UV and fire. Each product will have different designs. Different designs are suitable for different purposes. The reliability design of lighting includes: electrical safety, fire safety, environmental safety, mechanical safety, health and safety, and safe use time. From the perspective of electrical safety, it should comply with relevant international and national standards.

Because it is a new product, China's national standards lag, but the country provides product qualification tests. Lightings with international safety certifications (such as GS, CE, UL, etc.) and national product quality certificates are expensive because they are reliable in safety design. Consumers are paying attention to the authenticity of the certificate. There are not many manufacturers with international safety certification and national product certification.

From the aspect of health, the price of products designed with non-toxic materials is high, especially for indoor lighting. Don't use cheap lighting with odor. At present, only a few manufacturers use non-toxic materials to produce, and the method of identification can be used directly. The nose has a much lower price than the odorless product. Toxins like lead, mercury, and cadmium require professional analysis. From the perspective of applicable environmental safety, there is a reliable dust-proof and moisture-proof design, and the price of materials for fireproofing, ultraviolet protection, and low-temperature cracking is high.

5, the difference between floodlights and floodlights

What is an LED floodlight?

LED Floodlight (LEDDownlight) is also called spotlight, projection lamp, spotlight, etc. It is mainly used for architectural decoration lighting, as well as for commercial space lighting. The decorative components are heavier, and its appearance is round and square. Because it is generally necessary to consider the cause of heat dissipation, so its shape and the traditional floodlights still have some differences.

LED flood light features:

At present, LED floodlights commonly used in the market basically use 1W high-power LEDs (each LED component will have a high-efficiency lens made of PMMA, and its main function is to distribute the light emitted by the LEDs twice, that is, two. Sub-optics), there are also a few companies that use 3W or higher power LEDs because of the heat treatment technology. Suitable for large-scale lighting, lighting, buildings and other lighting.

What other things do you need to pay attention to?

1. High-purity aluminum reflector, the most accurate beam and the best reflection effect.

2. Symmetrical narrow angle, wide angle and asymmetric light distribution system.

3, open behind the replacement of the bulb, easy to maintain.

4. The lamps are equipped with scale plates to adjust the illumination angle.

LED floodlights are controlled by built-in microchips. In small-scale engineering applications, they can be used without controllers, enabling dynamic effects such as gradual change, jump, color flicker, random flicker, and gradual transition. They can also be controlled by DMX. Achieve chasing, scanning and other effects. At present, its main application sites are probably: single building, historical building group exterior wall lighting, building exterior light, indoor partial lighting, green landscape lighting, billboard lighting, medical culture and other special facilities lighting, bars, The atmosphere of the entertainment venues such as the ballroom and so on.

What is an LED floodlight?

The LED floodlight is a point source that can be uniformly illuminated in all directions. Its illumination range can be adjusted arbitrarily and appears as a regular octahedron in the scene. Floodlights are one of the most widely used sources in renderings, and standard floodlights are used to illuminate the entire scene. Multiple floodlights can be applied to the scene to produce better results. The floodlight is one of the most widely used light sources in the renderings. In the scene, multiple floodlights can be used to coordinate the effects to produce better results. It is the best way to illuminate an object from a specific point in all directions, and use it to analogize light bulbs and candles. Floodlights can be placed anywhere in the scene. For example, it can be placed outside the scope of the camera or inside the object. It is common to use many different colors of floodlights in the scene. These floodlights can project darkness and blend on the model. Because the floodlights have a large illumination range, the floodlights are very easy to predict, and there are many auxiliary uses for this kind of light. For example, if the floodlight is placed close to the surface of the object, it will be on the surface of the object. Produces bright light on it.

It should be noted that the floodlights cannot be built too much, otherwise the renderings will appear dull and dull. Therefore, in the usual renderings of the effect, pay more attention to the impact of the lighting parameters and layout on the light perception of the entire rendering scene, accumulate experience, master the matching skills of the lighting.

Characteristics of the floodlight:

Floodlights illuminate objects uniformly from a specific point in all directions, and it is best to use analog lights and candles. Floodlights can be placed anywhere in the scene. For example, it can be placed outside the scope of the camera or inside the object. It is common to use many different colors of floodlights in the scene. These floodlights can project darkness and blend on the model. Because the floodlights have a large illumination range, the floodlights are very easy to predict, and there are many auxiliary uses for this kind of light. For example, if the floodlight is placed close to the surface of the object, it will be on the surface of the object. Produces bright light on it.

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