The grievances of the southerners once shouted: "The northerners rely on heating for heating, and the southerners rely on it, and they are righteous." The hard-pressed ancients used to warm themselves, relying on creativity.
"Know" tells you, what is the ancients relying on for warmth?
Whenever the cold wind blows across China's north and south, the Chinese war about the cold in the south or the cold in the north will come as scheduled. The northerners admire the high temperatures in the south, and the southerners are rarely heated in the north. In modern times, heating appliances such as air conditioners, electric blankets, heating, heaters, hot water bottles, etc. are all available. People are still freezing and snoring. For the ancients who are backward in science and technology, how can this long winter run?
Ancient people love fur
Today, the concept of environmental protection is deeply rooted in the hearts of many people, and many people oppose the use of animal skins. In fact, wearing cold fur is a method of keeping warm in ancient times. There are poems to prove: "The fox is not warm and koi." There are also: "Dust and dark sputum." The scorpion here is the animal's fur. There are many furs that can be used to make cockroaches, such as foxes, dogs, sheep, deer, lynx, rabbits, etc. Among them, fox and lynx are the most precious, worn by the aristocrats, and the quality of the stag and scorpion is slightly worse, but Nor can ordinary people enjoy it. In the Ming Dynasty, a piece of suede wanted sixty-two silver, and the Ming Dynasty was a big member of the product. The legal monthly salary was 60.09 yuan, and the most basic nine-grade official could only earn more than 40 in a year. I don’t want to drink for a year and a half before I buy a piece of money for my wife.
The TV series "Biography" has taken many winter scenes. The ladies are wearing various colors of fur. The audience is like watching a gorgeous fashion winter dress show. There is a wide-sleeved coat with a velvet yarn and a fox fur inside. The silk is the face and the cloak of the suede is full of glory. In "Dream of Red Mansions", when Yu Yuchu went to Rongguofu, he saw Wang Xifeng wearing "the golden brocade butterfly wearing a red silk satin narrow plaque, the outer cover of colorful silk stone green squirrel" and then the 49th Zhongshi Xiangyun wearing " The face of the Mole's head is big and black, and the black squirrel has a big fever inside and outside." In fact, it is said that the sky is falling, and the translation is big fur.
Even if the contemporary people who have been knocked on by the cold wave don't wear fur, they will prepare a down jacket, look at the snow outside the window, and hug the warm one. How can they not admire the brain of the inventor? In fact, this down jacket has already existed in southern China. "Nan Qi Shu" said: Prince Wen Hui "good things to play, woven peacock hair for the brilliance, brilliance of gold and green." Princess Anle in the Tang Dynasty also has a bird's skirt. The story of Guangzhou in the Tang Dynasty’s "Ling Table Record": "The Emirates in the south, choose the fine hair of the goose, and the cloth is quilted, and the quilt is the quilt. It is gentle and versatile. "This duvet was invented. Eddie Bauer, who got the patent in 1940, applied for a patent in China.
Another trend that the ancients lead the winter fashion is Uhly boots. If you don't have a pair of snow boots that don't go out in the snow (the fur is easy to wet), then you probably can't be considered a fashion girl. The snow boots are awkward and cool, and the ancient winter boots meet with the shoes that have crossed the ocean in the past 100 years. They are all on the road to fashion and bring all the officials to be spokespersons.
Patterned fire
The grievances of the southerners once shouted: "The northerners rely on heating, the southerners rely on it, and they are righteous." The hard-pressed ancients used to warm themselves, relying on creativity. This method of roasting fire, Durex’s creative director will shoot Called.
In the poor homes, people who use stove ash for warmth, and those with a slightly better condition, use the mud pot to cook the "fire stove" for cooking. Later it evolved into a fire pond, also called a fire. The dwellings in the north are generally equipped with fire tunnels, which have holes in the winter. They are heated in the winter to enter the inside of the tunnel to heat them. At the same time, they are equipped with heating facilities such as braziers. In the TV series "ç…çŠæ¦œ", Mei Changsu often sits by the fire basin and eats the fire. This kind of heating method is still used in the northern countryside until now.
For the literati, in addition to keeping warm, there must be an atmosphere. In Bai Juyi’s "Ask Liu 19", "green ant new glutinous wine, red mud small stove. Late in the snow, can drink a cup without" The props that don't care about the fire are exquisite or rough, even if the rough and small stove has a new wine, with the arrival of friends, the cold winter night is also integrated into the warm affection.
In the ancient rich family, the copper hand stove or foot stove was used for heating. The hand stove is a small stove used to warm hands. It is exquisite and exquisite, with various shapes. The fire ash inside is still hot or the ash is still hot, and the outside of the furnace is covered. It can even be placed in the sleeves to warm hands, also known as "warm stoves" and "fire cages." Now, in the rural areas of western Zhejiang, some people are still used to burning a fire cage, which is filled with red carbon covered with firewood. The foot stove is bigger than the hand stove. It is a flat bottle made of tin or copper. It is filled with hot water and is mainly used for lameness. It can be carried around and placed in the bed. This furnace is also known as "Foo Po" and "Tang Yu". Su Dongpo once gave the "foot stove" as a gift to his friend Yang Junsu: "One piece of warm copper feet, filled with hot soup every night, stuffed its mouth, still wrapped in cloth, can not be cold." Tang Pozi It is also often seen in the costume dramas of "Biography" and "Golden Branch Desire". It is the originator of hand warmers and warm water bags.
The poor used fire, the lady used the stove, and the royal family in the palace used the "fire wall." The craftsman built the walls of the palace into a hollow "clip wall", and a fire channel was dug under the wall. The charcoal mouth of the fire was placed under the gallery outside the temple. Burning charcoal fire in the charcoal mouth, the heat can be warmed to the entire hall along the wall. In order to make the thermal cycle unobstructed, the end of the fire channel is provided with air holes, and the smoke is discharged from the air outlet of the base. Moreover, the fireway also passed directly under the imperial bed of the emperor and the trampoline where other people in the palace slept, forming a "warm" and "warm pavilion", which made the whole palace feel warm as spring. In this way, the problem of heating the palace in the cold winter is solved cleanly and economically. For this reason, the palace is specially set up for the "heating" of the winter. If the salary department is in charge, it is to specialize in the supply of charcoal in the palace. In the Ming Dynasty, officials of these institutions were able to go directly to the emperor's predecessor. They were relatively well-positioned and had the title of “near-serving brandâ€. In "Biography", we walked into the palace from the cold wind, and then took off the thick Chinese clothes. I didn't want to sit on the raft, so the plot is not a choreographer. It’s really warm!
When the stove could not meet the normal needs, the ancestors invented a more creative heating tool - the warm chair. Li Yu, the author of the Qing Dynasty classics, is a rare "high-end technology house" among ancient literati. He devoted his work to designing a warm chair. He designed a drawer under the chair for the charcoal stove, sitting in such a chair, the whole body can be warm.
Of course, the pattern of roasting fire is inseparable from charcoal fire. Modern people have centralized heating, how to bake how to bake, in ancient charcoal is distributed according to the grade. In the Qing Emperor Qianlong, the standard for daily issuance is: 120 pounds of the Empress Dowager, 110 pounds of the Queen, 90 pounds of Emperor Gui, 90 pounds of the royal family, 30 pounds of the princess, 20 pounds of the emperor, 10 pounds of the emperor, and the status of the superiority determines the treatment. How much. Officials also have relevant standards, and they are living off the official level and freezing the dead. Charcoal is not affordable for ordinary people. Ordinary people generally use straw, straw, and even cow dung. The ancestors racked their brains and used up their resources to burn only one winter.
People who shiver in the cold wind probably don't have to worry about the ancients. Their various methods of heating and heating have weakened the modern people. However, the ancients used to look at the class for warmth, and the aristocrats sang and danced in the warm room, and the poor could only be self-reliant. Under the chaos or poverty, the scene of "the road has frozen bones" is not uncommon.
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