Operation and maintenance of electrical equipment grounding devices - Solutions - Huaqiang Electronic Network

**Common Misconceptions and Mistakes in Electrical Equipment Maintenance (Using Agricultural Machinery as an Example)** 1. **Reversing Armature and Field Terminals**: The "armature" and "field" terminals of the regulator must be connected to the corresponding terminals on the generator. Reversing them can cause excessive current through a 1Ω resistor, leading to damage. 2. **Using Damaged Diodes**: If the generator fails to charge or has low output, damaged diodes may be the cause. Continuing to use them can burn out the stator windings. 3. **Ignoring Seasonal Electrolyte Adjustments**: Failing to adjust the electrolyte density according to temperature reduces battery life and risks freezing in winter. 4. **Incorrect Battery Polarity During Installation**: Installing the battery without checking polarity can short-circuit the system, damaging the silicon diode. 5. **Removing Ground Wires**: Removing ground connections between the regulator and generator can prevent proper current flow, causing contact issues and burning resistors. 6. **Improper Regulator Mounting**: Mounting the regulator flat instead of vertically can cause contact vibration, affecting performance and stability. 7. **Overcharging the Battery**: Charging beyond full capacity leads to water electrolysis, electrode material loss, and increased self-discharge. 8. **Incorrect Electrolyte Levels**: Too much or too little electrolyte can cause overflow, corrosion, or plate exposure, reducing battery efficiency. 9. **Excessive Electrolyte Concentration**: High concentration increases internal resistance and reduces battery capacity, accelerating separator corrosion. 10. **Neglecting Battery Cleanliness**: Dust and debris mixing with spilled electrolyte can create a short circuit, draining the battery. 11. **Connecting Batteries of Different Capacities in Series**: This causes uneven charging and reduces the lifespan of the smaller battery. 12. **Bypassing the Regulator**: Shorting the armature and field terminals can lead to overvoltage, damaging electrical components. 13. **Prolonged Horn Use**: Continuous horn activation can burn contacts and the excitation coil, draining the battery. 14. **Incorrect Lighting Usage**: Using the instrument light without the rear light can cause the lamp to overheat and fail. 15. **Leaving the Generator Belt On**: Leaving the belt engaged after turning off the engine can cause unnecessary wear on bearings and reduce engine efficiency. **Grounding Device Operation** 1. **Transformer Grounding Requirements**: Grounding bodies should be laid horizontally using materials like round steel or angle iron, forming a closed loop. They should be buried at least 0.6m deep and away from the transformer walls. 2. **Flammable and Explosive Areas**: All equipment and metal structures must be grounded, with jumpers at pipe joints. Proper protection devices are essential for safety. 3. **DC Equipment Grounding**: Natural grounding bodies cannot be used for DC systems. Manual grounding bodies must be checked regularly for erosion. 4. **Handheld and Mobile Equipment Grounding**: Grounding wires must be made of soft copper with a minimum cross-section of 1.5mm² and securely connected via bolts or clamps. 5. **Regular Grounding Inspections**: Grounding devices should be inspected annually, especially before thunderstorm season. Corrosive soils require more frequent checks. 6. **Inspection Procedures**: Check for corrosion, breakage, and poor connections. Measure grounding resistance during high soil resistivity periods and after maintenance. **Maintenance Personnel Guidelines** 1. **Visual Inspection**: Look for signs such as cracks, leaks, discoloration, or abnormal movement that may indicate faults. 2. **Auditory Checks**: Listen for unusual noises from equipment, which can signal problems like loose parts or internal damage. 3. **Smell Detection**: Overheated insulation often emits a burnt smell, which can help identify overheating or faults early. 4. **Tactile Examination**: Feel for temperature changes or vibrations in components like transformers or relays. Never touch live high-voltage equipment. 5. **Understanding Operational Conditions**: Familiarize yourself with past incidents, weather conditions, and load patterns to better diagnose and resolve issues quickly. --- This revised version ensures clarity, improves readability, and adds context to make it more natural and informative.

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