Design scheme of location tracking system based on GSM short message module

Abstract: At present, most GPS devices can only receive GPS information, and cannot forward GPS information. This article introduces a design scheme of positioning and tracking system based on GSM short message module, which realizes the function of transmitting GPS information through GSM network. The system is mainly composed of Atmega16 microcontroller, GPS receiver GR-87, and GSM SMS module TC35i. The system can timely and accurately transmit the information obtained by GPS to the GPS device, and can realize SMS alarm in an emergency.

As a mature and practical global precision time measurement, ranging, navigation and positioning system, GPS is widely used in many fields. At present, most GPS devices on the market only have one-way communication capability and can only receive GPS information, but cannot forward GPS information. Once an accident occurs with the person holding the GPS device, others cannot timely understand the status of the party. The system designed and implemented in this paper can not only receive global satellite positioning signals regularly, but also send information to users who do not have GPS equipment through the GSM network; at the same time, when accidents occur, they can send alarm messages containing geographic information to specific users in a timely manner. Mobile phone number for alarm operation.

1 Hardware system design

The hardware system of the positioning and tracking system based on the GSM short message module mainly consists of a GPS information receiver, a single chip microcomputer control and control module (master and slave), an information sending module, a mobile phone receiving test part and other peripheral circuits (see Figure 1). The GPS information received by the GPS information receiver is sent to the host part of the MCU control module through the serial port; the host transmits the selected information to the slave part of the MCU control module through the synchronous serial interface (SPI interface); Encoding; the encoded message is sent to the designated mobile phone through the SMS sending module.

Figure 1 System hardware logic block diagram

1.1 Location tracking module

GPS global positioning system includes GPS network and professional ground receiving equipment. The receiving device can display the current geographic information, time information, etc .; if the current information is sent to the information management center, it can accept the unified scheduling of the management center. The location tracking system based on GSM short message module is designed and implemented based on the latter theory. The GPS module receives the C / A code from the GPS satellite system, and the single-chip microcomputer control module calculates the current geographic information position and time information according to the information code. The hardware of the GPS receiving module mainly includes the receiving antenna, the receiver, the level conversion circuit, and the host part in the microcontroller control module for GPS information data processing (see Figure 2).

Figure 2 GPS receiver module functional block diagram

The GPS receiving module is the information source of the system. In the process of hardware implementation, the GPS receiving module of model GR-87 is adopted. The main parameters of the GPS receiver are: the default frequency of sending geographic information is 1HZ, the time error is ± 0.1s, and the distance error is within 10 meters. The signal output level of this type of GPS receiver is TTL level, which requires an additional level conversion circuit. Finally, the MAX232 chip and related circuits are used to assist in the completion of serial communication.

1.2 SCM control module

The single-chip microcomputer control module uses Atmega16L chip as a processor to store and process GPS information data. This chip is an 8-bit AVR microcontroller, with 16KB programmable Flash in the system, with high reliability, high speed, high performance, low power consumption, etc. At the same time, the chip has a wealth of peripheral pins and interface circuits, which is convenient for the system Design and Development.

The system uses two single-chip microcomputer control modules, respectively, as the system's master and slave. The host part of the single-chip microcomputer control module is used to receive the GPS information received by the GPS module and perform simple processing on the information, filter out the information required by the user, and transmit the information to the slave module in serial communication (see Figure 3); The slave part encodes the data, transmits the encoded information to the GSM module, and GSM sends the information to the specified number as needed.

Figure 3 SPI synchronous serial communication module

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