At present, many domestic automakers are actively developing their own hybrid vehicles based on the Honda i-MMD hybrid system. This article explores the key technologies behind the Honda i-MMD hybrid system, focusing on its structure, drive modes, and control strategies.
The Honda Accord i-MMD hybrid system is designed with a unique three-axis configuration. It includes an Atkinson cycle engine, a clutch, and two motors, all arranged in a way that optimizes efficiency and performance. The engine is connected to the engine output shaft via a clutch, while the generator is connected through a gear before the clutch. The motor is directly linked to the motor output shaft, and a third shaft between the engine and motor output shafts transmits power to the wheels.
The i-MMD system supports multiple driving modes: pure electric (EV), series hybrid, and parallel hybrid. In EV mode, the engine is inactive, and the motor provides direct torque through the gear mechanism. In series hybrid mode, the engine generates electricity, which powers the motor. In parallel hybrid mode, both the engine and motor work together, providing combined torque for enhanced performance.
What makes the i-MMD system intelligent is its advanced control strategy. The system intelligently switches between these modes to optimize fuel economy and performance. For example, in Hybrid/Engine drive mode, the controller adjusts the engine and motor operating points to maximize efficiency, as shown in the engine MAP diagram.
In Hybrid Drive mode, the engine operates at its most efficient point, while the motor compensates for any power shortfall using energy from the battery. In Engine Drive mode, the engine and motor work simultaneously, with the generator and motor helping to fine-tune the engine’s operation for better efficiency.
Switching between modes also plays a crucial role in improving fuel economy. For instance, switching between EV and Hybrid modes allows the system to take advantage of low-speed conditions by using battery power, increasing speed by up to 50% in such scenarios. Meanwhile, in high-speed or high-load situations, the system favors the Engine Drive mode for better efficiency.
The i-MMD system also features an optimized Atkinson cycle engine, known for its excellent fuel economy but lower power output. This design is well-suited for hybrid systems, where the electric motor can compensate for the engine's limitations. The engine uses dual cams (VTEC + EVTC) to switch between Otto and Atkinson cycles, enhancing efficiency under different driving conditions.
Regarding the motor, the first-generation iMMD permanent magnet synchronous motor was redesigned to improve efficiency and reduce size. Key improvements included increasing reluctance torque, raising the voltage to 700V, and boosting motor speed. These changes helped increase power density while maintaining reliability. Special cooling systems and rotor designs were also introduced to ensure stable operation at high speeds.
In the second generation, further enhancements were made, such as redesigning the stator winding, improving enameled wire insulation, switching to double-layer winding, and reducing the size of power accessories. These changes led to a 23% reduction in weight and volume, while also increasing maximum torque and power output.
Overall, the i-MMD system represents a significant advancement in hybrid technology, combining innovative hardware design with intelligent control strategies to deliver improved efficiency, performance, and user experience.
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