Shanghai Sansi: How does LED achieve the perfect combination of mathematics, physics and lighting?
[Text / high-tech LED Yue Mengdi] "Genesis" wrote that on the first day, God said "to have light", there will be light.
Light is the foundation upon which everything can exist. From natural light to fire, to today's lighting, human pursuit of light has no end. Due to its unique properties, the LED light has a wider application range, especially in the application of surgical shadowless lamps, and has many unique advantages.
It is understood that the shadowless lamp with LED illumination, the variable spot surgery shadowless lamp is more suitable for different surgical needs than the fixed spot. However, due to the variable, the adjustment of the spot must meet the requirements of illumination light distribution, the uniformity of illumination, the requirement of no shadow and the requirement of illumination depth, which makes the optical analysis of the variable spot shadow lamp more difficult.
Is it possible to make the spot "smart"? Generate changes based on illuminance and location requirements?
Shanghai Sansi proposed that if there is a mathematical function that can simulate the illuminance of the LED and set its independent variable as a function of position and spot size, it will be much more convenient when dealing with spot changes.
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After many research attempts, Shanghai Sansi discovered that the Gaussian function, as a function of LED illumination, has certain advantages in dealing with spot changes. "We verified whether the actual illumination of the LED spot is in agreement with the Gaussian function. The results confirmed that the total standard deviation is very small, within 0.01." Zhou Shikang, technical director of Shanghai Sansi, who has a background in the work of the Academy of Sciences, said.
However, the Gaussian function is a mathematical model. The Gaussian function is used to analyze the illumination of the shadowless lamp. The most difficult part is that the form of the Gaussian function must be modified, that is, the width of the spot, the position of the spot, and the amount of movement when the spot is changed. The parameters of the "fullness" of the spot are summarized in the function. At the same time, this function must meet the national standard for shadowless lamps. It seems that these are difficult to meet at the same time, but after many experiments and changes, the specific form of the function is finally obtained.
Zhou Shikang told "High-tech LED" that the Gaussian function can analyze other LED light sources without light distribution or lamps that have been light-distributed but have a long illumination distance. "It should be said that it can be applied in other areas, but the form of the function may have to be modified for specific problems." He said, "We analyzed the lighting distribution of the stage lights with a Gaussian function and achieved success."
There are countless mathematical function models. In addition to the Gaussian function, Zhou Shikang and his research team believe that polynomial, Lorentz function, Gaussian function, Viogt function, etc. are all considered and studied in the study of using functions to describe the illumination of LEDs. Object.
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"If you want to have an essential understanding of LED lighting, if you want to improve your design level, if you want to continue to have innovative ideas, then you must firmly grasp the laws of physics." In Zhou Shikang's view, optical design speaks Very esoteric, in fact, the most essential thing is to wear a physical law: the law of refraction (including the law of reflection), all optical design is obtained from the law of refraction. Mathematical analysis is a more fundamental thing in a sense than physical laws. Mathematical analysis is a tool and a more "advanced" analysis.
In fact, the study of LED lighting, once it rises to the point of view of the mathematical analysis of the problem, will be more convenient and more universal. The physical nature of the problem analysis is that the research problem must be considered first, but in addition to analyzing its physical laws, it should be considered mathematically as much as possible, which will make the analysis of the problem more convenient, and sometimes even bring unexpected surprises. ".
Shanghai Sansi gained this "surprise" when studying the Gaussian function to describe the LED illumination: found that the "saturation" has the best value. Under the condition of the standard of the shadowless lamp, the greater the saturation, the better. The range of light spot variation and uniformity range, "saturation" has an optimal value, that is, the optimal spot shape, so that the spot has good uniformity at various sizes. Just by changing its beam angle as a parameter, and the position of the spot, it is very convenient to describe the light intensity of the entire luminaire.
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Shanghai Sansi, who has more than 400 research and development teams, is still trying to describe the light intensity function of LEDs with mathematical expressions; using the fitting of multivariate functions to describe the distribution function of road brightness coefficient; using matrix transformation to complete the measurement LED color space conversion; use the law of conservation of energy for non-imaging optical design and so on. In Zhou Shikang's view, there are still many places where the existing laws of physics and mathematics can be used for lighting.
At the inauguration ceremony of Sanxiong Aurora's "Lighting Academy", Chen Songhui, the company's deputy general manager, said that LED lighting needs to be more integrated with other professions in order to achieve better development. Zhou Shikang also holds the same view. He believes that LED lighting can't be simply understood as "good-looking", but it should be considered from the four characteristics of symmetry, harmony, simplicity and logic. On the other hand, a design, a product, should have a powerful function, a beautiful appearance, a reasonable physical core, and an exact mathematical expression.
"If it is possible to combine mathematics, physics and lighting into a whole, isn't this a beauty?" Zhou Shikang finally said, which also injected a fresh air into the LED lighting industry.
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